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10:1 [Judex sapiens judicabit populum suum, et principatus sensati stabilis erit.
*H A wise judge shall judge his people, and the government of a prudent man shall be steady.


Ver. 1. Judge. Gr. "instruct." Ch. — The example of rulers is very powerful. W.

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10:2 Secundum judicem populi, sic et ministri ejus : et qualis rector est civitatis, tales et inhabitantes in ea.
* Footnote * Proverbs 29 : 12 A prince that gladly heareth lying words, hath all his servants wicked.
*H As the judge of the people is himself, so also are his ministers: and what manner of man the ruler of a city is, such also are they that dwell therein.


Ver. 2. Therein. Regis ad exemplum totus componitur orbis. Claud. — As a whole city is infected with the vices of princes, so it may be corrected by their good behaviour, (continentiâ.) Cic. Leg. 3.

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10:3 Rex insipiens perdet populum suum : et civitates inhabitabuntur per sensum potentium.
* Footnote * 3_Kings 12 : 13 And the king answered the people roughly, leaving the counsel of the old men, which they had given him,
*H An unwise king shall be the ruin of his people: and cities shall be inhabited through the prudence of the rulers.


Ver. 3. Rulers. All who wish to live under just kings. Prov. xxix. 4.

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10:4 In manu Dei potestas terrae : et utilem rectorem suscitabit in tempus super illam.
*H The power of the earth is in the hand of God, and in his time he will raise up a profitable ruler over it.


Ver. 4. It, as he did David. Job xxxiv. 30. Dan. ii. 20. C.

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10:5 In manu Dei prosperitas hominis, et super faciem scribae imponet honorem suum.]
*H The prosperity of man is in the hand of God, and upon the person of the scribe he shall lay his honour.


Ver. 5. The scribe. That is, the man that is wise and learned in the law. Ch. — It also denotes an officer. Judg. v. 14. God must give light and success. C.

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10:6 [Omnis injuriae proximi ne memineris, et nihil agas in operibus injuriae.
* Footnote * Leviticus 19 : 13 Thou shalt not calumniate thy neighbour, nor oppress him by violence. The wages of him that hath been hired by thee shall not abide with thee until the morning.
*H Remember not any injury done thee by thy neighbour, and do thou nothing by deeds of injury.


Ver. 6. Injury, out of revenge. H. Lev. xix. 18. — "Cæsar used to forget nothing but injuries." Cic. Ligar. — This at least is the character of a great man. S. Aug. ep. 138. and 54.

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10:7 Odibilis coram Deo est et hominibus superbia, et execrabilis omnis iniquitas gentium.
*H Pride is hateful before God and men: and all iniquity of nations is execrable.


Ver. 7. Men. It invades the rights of the former, and disturbs the repose of mankind. — All. Gr. is obscure, "and from both proceeds injustice;" (C.) or, "it shall act unjustly." H. — Pride attacks both God and man. Grot.

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10:8 Regnum a gente in gentem transfertur propter injustitias, et injurias, et contumelias, et diversos dolos.
* Footnote * Daniel 4 : 14 This is the decree by the sentence of the watchers, and the word and demand of the holy ones: till the living know, that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men: and he will give it to whomsoever it shall please him, and he will appoint the basest man over it.
*H A kingdom is translated from one people to another, because of injustices, and wrongs, and injuries, and divers deceits.


Ver. 8. Deceits. Hence kingdoms are changed. W. — The ambition and luxury of subjects (Cato) and the negligence of the rulers, bring on confusion. S. Aug. de Civ. Dei. v. 13.

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10:9 Avaro autem nihil est scelestius. Quid superbit terra et cinis ?
*H But nothing is more wicked than the covetous man. Why is earth, and ashes proud?


Ver. 9. Man. The desire of plunder, or of glory, occasions revolutions. H. — Covetousness is the root of all evils, and causes people to abandon the faith. 1 Tim. vi. 10. W.

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10:10 Nihil est iniquius quam amare pecuniam : hic enim et animam suam venalem habet, quoniam in vita sua projecit intima sua.
*H There is not a more wicked thing than to love money: for such a one setteth even his own soul to sale: because while he liveth he hath cast away his bowels.


Ver. 10. Bowels, and would have no compassion for others or for himself. Some Gr. copies leave out as far as sale, but Grabe replaces the omission from the Comp.

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10:11 Omnis potentatus brevis vita ; languor prolixior gravat medicum.
All power is of short life. A long sickness is troublesome to the physician.
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10:12 Brevem languorem praecidit medicus : sic et rex hodie est, et cras morietur.
The physician cutteth off a short sickness: so also a king is to day, and to morrow he shall die.
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10:13 Cum enim morietur homo, haereditabit serpentes, et bestias, et vermes.
For when a man shall die, he shall inherit serpents, and beasts, and worms.
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10:14 Initium superbiae hominis apostatare a Deo :
*H The beginning of the pride of man, is to fall off from God:


Ver. 14. Beginning, or summit; αρχη. C. — Thus Lucifer and Adam fell by pride. S. Aug. de Civ. Dei. xii. 6. All sin, being a contempt of God, springs from pride, (Prosper. contemp. iii. 3.) and from an inordinate self-love. C.

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10:15 quoniam ab eo qui fecit illum recessit cor ejus, quoniam initium omnis peccati est superbia. Qui tenuerit illam adimplebitur maledictis, et subvertet eum in finem.
*H Because his heart is departed from him that made him: for pride is the beginning of all sin: he that holdeth it, shall be filled with maledictions, and it shall ruin him in the end.


Ver. 15. Sin, because man abandons God's law, and falls into all misery. W. — The proud easily yield to all sorts of iniquity. M.

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10:16 Propterea exhonoravit Dominus conventus malorum, et destruxit eos usque in finem.
*H Therefore hath the Lord disgraced the assemblies of the wicked, and hath utterly destroyed them.


Ver. 16. Disgraced. Gr. "hath taken an exemplary vengeance, and hath," &c. H. — Them, as he did the giants, Sodom, Nabuchodonosor, &c.

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10:17 Sedes ducum superborum destruxit Deus, et sedere fecit mites pro eis.
*H God hath overturned the thrones of proud princes, and hath set up the meek in their stead.


Ver. 17. Stead. Lu. i. 52. C. — "Thales being asked what was difficult to be seen; replied, a tyrant grown old." Laert. 1.

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10:18 Radices gentium superbarum arefecit Deus, et plantavit humiles ex ipsis gentibus.
*H God hath made the roots of proud nations to wither, and hath planted the humble of these nations.


Ver. 18. Nations, the Chanaanites, who submitted to the yoke: or rather the Hebrews. C. — Gr. "instead of them."

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10:19 Terras gentium evertit Dominus, et perdidit eas usque ad fundamentum.
*H The Lord hath overthrown the lands of the Gentiles, and hath destroyed them even to the foundation.


Ver. 19. Foundation: overturning Sodom, Babylon, and even Jerusalem, for their sins. C.

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10:20 Arefecit ex ipsis, et disperdidit eos, et cessare fecit memoriam eorum a terra.
He hath made some of them to wither away, and hath destroyed them, and hath made the memory of them to cease from the earth.
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10:21 Memoria superborum perdidit Deus, et reliquit memoriam humilium sensu.
God hath abolished the memory of the proud, and hath preserved the memory of them that are humble in mind.
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10:22 Non est creata hominibus superbia, neque iracundia nationi mulierum.]
Pride was not made for men: nor wrath for the race of women.
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10:23 [Semen hominum honorabitur hoc, quod timet Deum : semen autem hoc exhonorabitur, quod praeterit mandata Domini.
That seed of men shall be honoured, which feareth God: but that seed shall be dishonoured, which transgresseth the commandments of the Lord.
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10:24 In medio fratrum rector illorum in honore : et qui timent Dominum erunt in oculis illius.
In the midst of brethren their chief is honourable: so shall they that fear the Lord, be in his eyes.
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10:25 Gloria divitum, honoratorum, et pauperum, timor Dei est.
The fear of God is the glory of the rich, and of the honourable, and of the poor.
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10:26 Noli despicere hominem justum pauperem, et noli magnificare virum peccatorem divitem.
Despise not a just man that is poor, and do not magnify a sinful man that is rich.
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10:27 Magnus, et judex, et potens est in honore : et non est major illo qui timet Deum.
The great man, and the judge, and the mighty is in honour: and there is none greater than he that feareth God.
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10:28 Servo sensato liberi servient : et vir prudens et disciplinatus non murmurabit correptus, et inscius non honorabitur.
* Footnote * Proverbs 17 : 2 A wise servant shall rule over foolish sons, and shall divide the inheritance among the brethren.
* Footnote ** 2_Kings 12 : 13 And David said to Nathan: I have sinned against the Lord. And Nathan said to David: The Lord also hath taken away thy sin: thou shalt not die.
*H They that are free shall serve a servant that is wise: and a man that is prudent and well instructed will not murmur when he is reproved; and he that is ignorant, shall not be honoured.


Ver. 28. Wise. When Diogenes was exposed to sale, and asked what he could do, he answered, "I know how to command free men." Laert. 6. — Joseph and Daniel obtained authority by their wise conduct. C.

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10:29 Noli extollere te in faciendo opere tuo, et noli cunctari in tempore angustiae.
Extol not thyself in doing thy work, and linger not in the time of distress;
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10:30 Melior est qui operatur et abundat in omnibus, quam qui gloriatur et eget pane.
* Footnote * Proverbs 12 : 9 Better is the poor man that provideth for himself, than he that is glorious and wanteth bread.
Better is he that laboureth, and aboundeth in all things, than he that boasteth himself and wanteth bread.
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10:31 Fili, in mansuetudine serva animam tuam, et da illi honorem secundum meritum suum.
*H My son, keep thy soul in meekness, and give it honour according to its desert.


Ver. 31. Desert. Let not avarice deprive thee of the necessities of life, nor do any thing beneath thy dignity. Lu. xxi. 19.

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10:32 Peccantem in animam suam quis justificabit ? et quis honorificabit exhonorantem animam suam ?
Who will justify him that sinneth against his own soul? and who will honour him that dishonoureth his own soul?
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10:33 Pauper gloriatur per disciplinam et timorem suum : et est homo qui honorificatur propter substantiam suam.
*H The poor man is glorified by his discipline and fear, and there is a man that is honoured for his wealth.


Ver. 33. Glorified. Gr. "honoured on account of his knowledge, and the rich is, " &c. H.

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10:34 Qui autem gloriatur in paupertate, quanto magis in substantia ! et qui gloriatur in substantia, paupertatem vereatur.]
*H But he that is glorified in poverty, how much more in wealth? and he that is glorified in wealth, let him fear poverty.


Ver. 34. And. Gr. omits this sentence: (C.) yet Grabe has, And the man who is without honour in wealth, how much more so will he be in poverty? H. Eccle. vii. 12.

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